EJC Supplements
Volume 5, Issue 2 , Pages 23-31 , July 2007

Empirical use of anti-Gram-positive antibiotics in febrile neutropaenic cancer patients with acute leukaemia

Received 14 May 2007 ,Revised 8 June 2007 ,Accepted 12 June 2007.

References 

  1. Schimpff SC, Satterlee W, Young VM, et al. Empiric therapy with carbenicillin and gentamicin for febrile patients with cancer and granulocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 1971;284:1061–1065
  2. Hughes WT, Armstrong D, Bodey GP, et al. 2002 guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropaenic patients with cancer. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:730–751
  3. Marchetti O, Calandra T. Infections in the neutropaenic cancer patient. In:  Cohen J,  Powderly WG editor. Infectious diseases. Oxford: Elsevier Mosby; 2003;p. 1077–1092
  4. Marchetti O, Calandra T. Infections in neutropaenic cancer patients. Lancet. 2002;359:723–725
  5. Murray BE. Vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infections. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:710–721
  6. Karp JE, Dick JD, Angelopulos C, et al. Empiric use of vancomycin during prolonged treatment-induced granulocytopenia. Am J Med. 1986;81:237–242
  7. Shenep JL, Hughes WT, Roberson PK, et al. Vancomycin, ticarcillin, and amikacin compared with ticarcillin-clavulanate and amikacin in the empirical treatment of febrile, neutropaenic children with cancer. N Engl J Med. 1988;319:1053–1058
  8. The EORTC International Antimicrobial Therapy Cooperative Group . Vancomycin added to empirical combination antibiotic therapy for fever in granulocytopenic cancer patients. J Infect Dis. 1991;163:951–958
  9. Ramphal R, Bolger M, Oblon DJ, et al. Vancomycin is not essential component of the initial empiric treatment regimen for febrile neutropaenic patients receiving ceftazidime: a randomized prospective study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992;36:1062–1067
  10. Pico JL, Marie JP, Chiche D, et al. Should vancomycin be used empirically in febrile patients with prolonged and profound neutropenia? Results of a randomized trial. Eur J Med. 1993;2:275–280
  11. Micozzi A, Venditti M, Amadori S, et al. Teicoplanin in the treatment of gram-positive bacteraemia in neutropaenic patients. Br J Haematol. 1990;76(Suppl 2):19–23
  12. De Pauw BE, Novakova IR, Donnelly JP. Options and limitations of teicoplanin in febrile granulocytopenic patients. Br J Haematol. 1990;76(Suppl 2):1–5
  13. Del Favero A, Menichetti F, Guerciolini R, et al. Prospective randomized clinical trial of teicoplanin for empiric combined antibiotic therapy in febrile, granulocytopenic acute leukaemia patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1987;31:1126–1129
  14. Martino P, Micozzi A, Gentile G, et al. Piperacillin plus amikacin vs. piperacillin plis amikacin plus teicoplanin for empirical treatment of febrile episodes in neutropaenic patients receiving quinolone prophylaxis. Clin Infect Dis. 1992;15:290–294
  15. Novakova I, Donnelly JP, DePauw B. Ceftazidime as monotherapy or combined with teicoplanin for initial empiric treatment of presumed bacteremia in febrile granulocytopenic patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1991;35:672–678
  16. Meunier F, Van der Auwera P, Aoun M, et al. Ceftazidime plus teicoplanin versus ceftazidime plus amikacin as empiric therapy for fever in cancer patients with granulocytopenia. Br J Haematol. 1990;76(Suppl 2):49–53
  17. Viscoli C, Moroni C, Boni L, et al. Ceftazidime plus amikacin versus ceftazidime plus vancomycin as empiric therapy in febrile neutropaenic children with cancer. Rev Infect Dis. 1991;13:397–404
  18. Riikonen P. Imipenem compared with ceftazidime plus vancomycin as initial therapy for fever in neutropaenic children with cancer. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1991;10:918–923
  19. Bosseray A, Nicolini F, Brion JP, et al. Evaluation of three types of empirical antibiotherapy in patients with febrile neutropenia: imipenem-cilastatin versus ceftazidime-vancomycin versus ticarcillin-amikacin-vancomycin. Pathol Biol (Paris). 1992;40:797–804
  20. Spencer RC, Taylor AK, Winfield DA. A comparative efficacy and safety study of teicoplanin plus aztreonam versus gentamicin plus piperacillin in haematology oncology patients with clinically diagnosed septicaemia. Br J Haematol. 1990;76(Suppl 2):30–34
  21. Kelsey SM, Weinhardt B, Collins PW, et al. Teicoplanin plus ciprofloxacin versus gentamicin plus piperacillin in the treatment of febrile neutropaenic patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1992;11:509–514
  22. Micozzi A, Nucci M, Venditti M, et al. Piperacillin/tazobactam/amikacin versus piperacillin/amikacin/teicoplanin in the empirical treatment of neutropaenic patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1993;12:1–8
  23. Granowetter L, Wells H, Lange BJ. Ceftazidime with or without vancomycin vs. cephalothin, carbenicillin and gentamicin as the initial therapy of the febrile neutropaenic pediatric cancer patient. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1988;7:165–170
  24. Vardakas KZ, Samonis G, Chrysanthopoulou SA, et al. Role of glycopeptides as part of initial empirical treatment of febrile neutropaenic patients: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005;5:431–439
  25. Paul M, Borok S, Fraser A, et al. Empirical antibiotics against Gram-positive infections for febrile neutropenia: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005;55:436–444
  26. Zaas AK, Song X, Tucker P, et al. Risk factors for development of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bloodstream infection in patients with cancer who are colonized with vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:1139–1146
  27. Shaikh ZH, Osting CA, Hanna HA, et al. Effectiveness of a multifaceted infection control policy in reducing vancomycin usage and vancomycin-resistant enterococci at a tertiary care cancer centre. J Hosp Infect. 2002;51:52–58
  28. Jaksic B, Martinelli G, Perez-Oteyza J, et al. Efficacy and safety of linezolid compared with vancomycin in a randomized, double-blind study of febrile neutropaenic patients with cancer. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:597–607
  29. Cometta A, Calandra T, Gaya H, et al. Monotherapy with meropenem versus combination therapy with ceftazidime plus amikacin as empiric therapy for fever in granulocytopenic patients with cancer. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996;40:1108–1115
  30. De Pauw BE, Deresinski SC, Feld R, et al. Ceftazidime compared with piperacillin and tobramycin for the empiric treatment of fever in neutropaenic patients with cancer. A multicenter randomized trial. The Intercontinental Antimicrobial Study Group. Ann Intern Med. 1994;120:834–844
  31. Winston DJ, Lazarus HM, Beveridge RA, et al. Randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial comparing clinafloxacin with imipenem as empirical monotherapy for febrile granulocytopenic patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32:381–390
  32. Cometta A, Kern WV, de Bock R, et al. Vancomycin versus placebo for persistent fever in neutropaenic cancer patients given piperacillin/tazobactam monotherapy: an EORTC-IATG multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37:382–389
  33. Erjavec Z, de Vries-Hospers HG, Laseur M, et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of empirical teicoplanin in febrile neutropenia with persistent fever after imipenem therapy. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000;45:843–849
  34. Del Favero A, Menichetti F, Martino P, et al. A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing piperacillin-tazobactam with and without amikacin as empiric therapy for febrile neutropenia. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:1295–1301
  35. Feld R, DePauw B, Berman S, et al. Meropenem versus ceftazidime in the treatment of cancer patients with febrile neutropenia: a randomized double-blind trial. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18:3690–3698
  36. Cometta A, Zinner SH, de Bock R, et al. Piperacillin-tazobactam plus amikacin versus ceftazidime plus amikacin as empiric therapy for fever in granulocytopenic patients with cancer. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995;39:445–452
  37. Elting LS, Rubenstein EB, Rolston KV, et al. Outcomes of bacteremia in patients with cancer and neutropenia: observations from two decades of epidemiological and clinical trials. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;25:247–259
  38. Bochud P-Y, Eggimann P, Calandra T, et al. Bacteremia due to viridans Streptococcus in neutropaenic patients with cancer: clinical spectrum and risk factors. Clin Infect Dis. 1994;18:25–31
  39. Doern GV, Ferraro MJ, Brueggemann AB, et al. Emergence of high rates of antimicrobial resistance among viridans group streptococci in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996;40:891–894
  40. Hughes WT, Armstrong D, Bodey GP, et al. 1997 guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropaenic patients with unexplained fever. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;25:573
  41. Fleischhack G, Hartmann C, Simon A, et al. Meropenem versus ceftazidime as empirical monotherapy in febrile neutropenia of paediatric patients with cancer. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2001;47:841–853
  42. Cordonnier C, Herbrecht R, Pico JL, et al. Cefepime/amikacin versus ceftazidime/amikacin as empirical therapy for febrile episodes in neutropaenic patients: a comparative study. The French Cefepime Study Group. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;24:41–51
  43. Cordonnier C, Buzyn A, Leverger G, et al. Epidemiology and risk factors for gram-positive coccal infections in neutropenia: toward a more targeted antibiotic strategy. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;36:149–158
  44. Viscoli C, Cometta A, Kern WV, et al. Piperacillin-tazobactam monotherapy in high-risk febrile and neutropaenic cancer patients. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2006;12:212–216

 The ECIL-1 is a common initiative of the following groups or organisations: Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group (EBMT-IDWP), Infectious Diseases Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC-IDG), European Leukemia Net (ELN) (EU Grant No. LSHC-CT-2004), and International Immunocompromised Host Society (ICHS).

PII: S1359-6349(07)00006-7

doi: 10.1016/j.ejcsup.2007.06.004

EJC Supplements
Volume 5, Issue 2 , Pages 23-31 , July 2007